Nut-like GYMNOSPERM seeds:
Pine nuts are edible gymnosperm seeds.
A gymnosperm, from the Greek gymnospermos (??µ??spe?µ??), meaning "naked seed", is a seed that does not have an enclosure. The following gymnosperms are culinary nuts. All but the ginkgo nut are from evergreens.
Cycads (Macrozamia spp.)
Burrawang nut (Macrozamia communis), a major source of starch for Australian aboriginal people around Sydney.
Ginkgo nuts (Ginkgo biloba) are a common ingredient in Chinese cooking. They are starchy, low in fat, protein and calories, but high in vitamin C.
Araucaria Bunya nut (Araucaria bidwillii) is native to Queensland, Australia. Nuts are the size of walnuts, and rich in starch.
Monkey-puzzle nut (Araucaria araucana) has nuts twice the size of almonds. Rich in starch. Roasted, boiled, eaten raw, or fermented in Chile and Argentina.
Paraná pine nut (Araucaria angustifolia) (or Brazil pine nut) is an edible seed similar to pine nuts.
Pine nuts (Pinus spp.) Pine nuts can be toasted and added to salads and are used as an ingredient in pesto, among other regional uses.
Chilgoza pine (Pinus gerardiana), common in Central Asia. Nuts are used raw, roasted or in confectionary products.
Colorado pinyon (Pinus edulis), in great demand as an edible nut, with average annual production of 454 to 900 tonnes.
Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis), a pine-nut yielding species native to Asia.
Mexican pinyon (Pinus cembroides), found in Mexico and Arizona. Nuts are eaten raw, roasted, or made into flour.
Single-leaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla) grows in foothills from Mexico to Idaho. Eaten as other pine nuts. Also sometimes ground and made into pancakes.[63]
Stone pine, or pignolia nut (Pinus pinea) is the most commercially important pine nut.
Nut-like ANGIOSPERM seeds:
Macadamia nuts are edible angiosperm seeds.
These culinary nuts are seeds contained within a larger fruit.
Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa) are harvested from an estimated 250,000–400,000 trees per year. Highly valued edible nut used in the confectionery and baking trades. Excellent dietary source of selenium.
Macadamia are primarily produced in Hawai'i and Australia. Both species are native to Australia. They are a highly valued edible nut. Waste nuts are commonly used to extract an edible oil.
Macadamia nut (Macadamia tetraphylla) has a rough shell, and is the subject of some commercialization.
Queensland macadamia nut (Macadamia integrifolia) has a smooth shell, and is the principal commercial macadamia nut.
Paradise nut (Lecythis usitata), native to the Amazon rain forest, highly regarded by indigenous tribal people.
Peanut, or groundnut (Arachis hypogaea), originally from South America, has grown from a relatively minor crop to one of the most important commercial nut crops, in part due to the work of George Washington Carver at the beginning of the 20th century.
Peanut tree (Sterculia quadrifida) or bush peanut, native to Australia. One of the tastiest native nuts. Requires no preparation.
Soybeans (Glycine max) are used as a nut, in addition to their use as oil seeds.
*courtesy of the nutty information department* |
