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Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, Pronouns, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Interjections.
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By (user no longer on site) OP
over a year ago
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Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, Pronouns, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Interjections.
Any person here that is a wizz at the English language?
I know what all the above meen and do but I need to know something that is puzzling me.
Some words can be more than 1 of the above such as "but" (can be any of 6)
I need to know if there is a simple rule that needs to be followed to say when a noun becomes a verb and so on?
I have searched the internet but to no avail.
If you are wondering what it's for, it's for an A.I project I am doing, A program I am writing needs to be able to break a sentence down to the above to it can understand it, analyze it and answer.
And yes before anyone asks, I know there is chatbots on the net already but I don't want one with 100's of 1000's of predefined answers, I want mine to be able to answer on what it has learned.
Tony  |
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By (user no longer on site) OP
over a year ago
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For an example, I need to get a sentence say like "The quick brown fox jumps over the laze dog" and a script know what each word is by hopefully following some rule I don't know lol. |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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Blimey you have had me sat on the net googling the meanings of all the above; I may be good at English grammar i.e. stringing sentences together though hugely better at spelling but to explain is a whole lot harder this way!  |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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A quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog:
Fox and dog are nouns (a word that refers to a person, place, thing, event, substance or quality)
Jumped is a verb (a word or phrase that describes an action, condition or experience)
Brown and lazy are adjectives (a word that describes a noun)
Over and the are prepositions (used before nouns, pronouns, or other substantives to form phrases functioning as modifiers of verbs, nouns, or adjectives, and that typically express a spatial, temporal, or other relationship, as in, on, by, to, since)
Not sure if that helps however I did find out that the word and is a conjunction (also called a connective) is a word such as and, because, but, for, if, or, and when. Conjunctions are used to connect phrases, clauses, and sentences (as can be seen in this sentence. However one can also use them at the start of a sentence, for example:
What are the government’s chances of winning in court? And what are the consequences?
But also for surprise:
And are you really going?
But didn’t she tell you? |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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Your comment when a noun becomes a verb I checked out with Wikipedia and it says:
In linguistics, conversion, also called zero derivation, is a kind of word formation; specifically, it is the creation of a word from an existing word without any change in form. Conversion is more productive in some languages than in others; in English, it is a fairly productive process.
Often a word of one lexical category (part of speech) is converted to a word of another lexical category; for example, the noun green in golf (referring to a putting-green) is derived ultimately from the adjective green. Conversions from adjectives to nouns and vice versa are both very common and unnotable in English; much more remarked upon is verbing, the creation of a verb by converting a noun or other word (e.g., the adjective clean becomes the verb to clean).
The boundary between conversion and functional shift (the extension of an existing word to take on a new syntactic function) is not well-defined.
So the adjective green becomes a noun in putting green
Sorry best I can do |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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Verbs, Action words
adjectives, describe things
Adverbs, describe action words
Pronouns replace names
Prepositions, describe relationships between things
Conjunctions, join and contrast
Interjections interrupt with comments or new ideas
I need to know if there is a simple rule that needs to be followed to say when a noun becomes a verb - use a dictionary |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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Adjectives usually come before nouns (or other adjectives)
Adverbs usually before verbs.
As for the others as far as I'm aware there's no simple rule. The English Language is not a simple one to learn. |
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By (user no longer on site) OP
over a year ago
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"Blimey you have had me sat on the net googling the meanings of all the above; I may be good at English grammar i.e. stringing sentences together though hugely better at spelling but to explain is a whole lot harder this way! "
hahaha sorry, I have been googling the English language and natural language processing for 2 weeks now and still can't come up with a solution 
"Your comment when a noun becomes a verb I checked out with Wikipedia and it says:
In linguistics, conversion, also called zero derivation, is a kind of word formation; specifically, it is the creation of a word from an existing word without any change in form. Conversion is more productive in some languages than in others; in English, it is a fairly productive process.
Often a word of one lexical category (part of speech) is converted to a word of another lexical category; for example, the noun green in golf (referring to a putting-green) is derived ultimately from the adjective green. Conversions from adjectives to nouns and vice versa are both very common and unnotable in English; much more remarked upon is verbing, the creation of a verb by converting a noun or other word (e.g., the adjective clean becomes the verb to clean).
The boundary between conversion and functional shift (the extension of an existing word to take on a new syntactic function) is not well-defined.
So the adjective green becomes a noun in putting green
Sorry best I can do "
You see, the above you have wrote talking of lexical and such is when my brain starts to fry! I think I have cracked it then all of a sudden another website slaps me round the face with some other conditions! 
Sharon seen how stressed i'm getting over this and told me I should just write a bot that understands "yes" and "no" grrrrrrr |
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By (user no longer on site) OP
over a year ago
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"I need to know if there is a simple rule that needs to be followed to say when a noun becomes a verb - use a dictionary"
wouldn't work for A.I, needs to know on the fly. |
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By (user no longer on site) OP
over a year ago
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"Fucking difficult
Fucking with difficulty
Fucking difficultly
Fucking difficulty
Here is a little practise 4 yas ........
What about gerunds then?  "
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By *picenicelyCouple
over a year ago
third star on the right |
You may find it easier to look at disgramming sentences or sentence trees. They are based on the work of Noam Chomsky and Ray Jackendoff.
They break sentences into their specific components i.e. Subject/object/verb/ conjunction which you can then further identify as past/present participle and look at the rules which apply to the creation of the sentence formation.
A good linguist who makes grammar accessible is David Crystal. I know I have spoken with him via email when I needed help with my thesis so I would imagine that he would help here.
Hope this helps!
L |
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By (user no longer on site) OP
over a year ago
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"You may find it easier to look at disgramming sentences or sentence trees. They are based on the work of Noam Chomsky and Ray Jackendoff.
They break sentences into their specific components i.e. Subject/object/verb/ conjunction which you can then further identify as past/present participle and look at the rules which apply to the creation of the sentence formation.
A good linguist who makes grammar accessible is David Crystal. I know I have spoken with him via email when I needed help with my thesis so I would imagine that he would help here.
Hope this helps!
L"
Yeah breaking it into Subject/object/verb/conjunction is what I am trying to do as A.I needs to know the subject "we" are talking about and what it is "I" am saying or asking.
It's real easy to have a database with all the noun's, verbs and everything in so it can say right this word is the subject, that words meens it's asking about the subject and so on, it's when words can be used for more than 1 pert that is the problem.
I just googled David Crystal.. He looks clever! lol I will contact him.
Thanks for that. |
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By *picenicelyCouple
over a year ago
third star on the right |
Generally the conversion of verbs is done in colloquial speech and that would mean teaching your bot slang and common speech which is ever changing so strictly speaking you could look at teaching it 'proper written English' and use the tense to identify the verb etc. Could you post some sentences as examples and I will have a look? |
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By (user no longer on site) OP
over a year ago
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Sure, just general sentences really.
It is proper english It does need to know, Slang, txt speak and such will be easy for it to learn.
I will post some sentences a bit later as I have my cus here at the mo grrr |
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By (user no longer on site) OP
over a year ago
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Some that was submitted to a previous bot, grammar purposely left out as that is how it is most of the time in chat rooms and such
do you like cats
do you know what kissing is
what is the difference between a man and a woman
How much wood would a woodchuck chuck
if a woodchuck could chuck wood
hello there sally how are you have you had a good day (sally is the name of my bot)
no i didnt go but might tomorrow if its no raining
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By *picenicelyCouple
over a year ago
third star on the right |
In the examples you have given 'do' is a verb which acts as a determiner, and from reading the given constructions I would say it may be easier to get your bot to identify the verb and noun phrases:
Do you - verb phrase (do -verb/determiner. You- object)
Know what- verb phrase (know- verb. What - adjective or in this case adverb)
Kissing is - (kissing-verb. Is- verb 3rd person singular present form of 'to be').
Do you like cats-
Do you. Would be a verb phrase and .like cats. would be a noun phrase. However, do you like. Could be also be a noun phrase and would show on your sentence tree. You is the object since the construction would not work without it
It is much more simple than identifying it this way (for the bot):
Do- determiner/ verb
You- object/pronoun
Like- verb
Cats- noun
Have a look at grammar dot about dot com
David Crystal and a few other linguists are mentioned in articles on there.
Not sure how much help this is but I do think it would be easier for the bot to look at adjective phrases, noun phrases etc since you wouldn't have to identify the changes in grammar as in depth.
I can give the breakdown of the other sentences if you need or would like them.
L |
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English is one of the most difficult Indo-Latin based (as opposed to pictogram languages such as Chinese) languages because there are so many complex rules but also so many exceptions to those rules. I used my iPad Siri and when I said 'hot tart' looking for a recipe, guess whose name from here popped up? |
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By (user no longer on site) OP
over a year ago
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It's a lot of help thanks, Never thought of doing it as a sentence tree even though I have seen them before
I'm going to have a play around with this and see what happens, it will either make Sally clever or she won't know what to do, the PHP scripts will go into an endless loop causing my server to overheat and go bang
Tony  |
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By *oodmessMan
over a year ago
yumsville |
with any script I would have thought the only way to write it is in a tree, otherwise the code would crumble, what with the size of any one sentence, especially under punctuation.
Just as people have written above (note i dont write script) use definers and pre-definers (nons, verbs and so on) and exemptions to definers within the same script.
There probably is some kind of Rosetta stone that allows you to break the value of individual words into formats according to grammar and maybe that David Crystal guy can help. I doubt whether the same rules would stand for colloqualisms/abbreviations/txt or slang - though you could possibly overlap the nouns/verbs of those to allow the script to comply?
hope you win, it sounds good!!!!! |
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By (user no longer on site) OP
over a year ago
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"with any script I would have thought the only way to write it is in a tree, otherwise the code would crumble, what with the size of any one sentence, especially under punctuation.
Just as people have written above (note i dont write script) use definers and pre-definers (nons, verbs and so on) and exemptions to definers within the same script.
There probably is some kind of Rosetta stone that allows you to break the value of individual words into formats according to grammar and maybe that David Crystal guy can help. I doubt whether the same rules would stand for colloqualisms/abbreviations/txt or slang - though you could possibly overlap the nouns/verbs of those to allow the script to comply?
hope you win, it sounds good!!!!!"
Kind of a tree, it's in funtions that hop backwards and forwards, the script wouldn't crash unless I made it go into an endless loop and even then in the PHP settings you set a max time a script is allowed to run before the server halts it.
Tree for the sentences though is a must, I have been reading a few websites about them as it's years since I have done them, well over my head at the moment as my English already sucks.. but I will get there lol |
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By *phroditeWoman
over a year ago
(She/ her) in Sensualityland |
"with any script I would have thought the only way to write it is in a tree, otherwise the code would crumble, what with the size of any one sentence, especially under punctuation.
Just as people have written above (note i dont write script) use definers and pre-definers (nons, verbs and so on) and exemptions to definers within the same script.
There probably is some kind of Rosetta stone that allows you to break the value of individual words into formats according to grammar and maybe that David Crystal guy can help. I doubt whether the same rules would stand for colloqualisms/abbreviations/txt or slang - though you could possibly overlap the nouns/verbs of those to allow the script to comply?
hope you win, it sounds good!!!!!
Kind of a tree, it's in funtions that hop backwards and forwards, the script wouldn't crash unless I made it go into an endless loop and even then in the PHP settings you set a max time a script is allowed to run before the server halts it.
Tree for the sentences though is a must, I have been reading a few websites about them as it's years since I have done them, well over my head at the moment as my English already sucks.. but I will get there lol"
Wondering here whether there is any value in breaking words down into components such as morphemes and lexemes etc as this would enable you to classify at word level and possibly making it easier further down the lane?
Something that some AI translation agencies do. |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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Have you tried looking on the Code Project, MSDN, source forge etc? I know from previous experience that the Code Project is a good place to find useful (and sometimes useless) info. Can also recommend "Programming Game AI by Example" if that's any use....
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By *oodmessMan
over a year ago
yumsville |
the scripts would have to be short,(noun+verb-2xadjective = ..) so by creating small trees to as you say cycle around the same sentence until complete would be the only way to do it. The other option would be to gain every sentence ever possible and write a distinct script for it Id think? As you say - words change their value according to usage in the sentence or type applied
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By *oodmessMan
over a year ago
yumsville |
"
Wondering here whether there is any value in breaking words down into components such as morphemes and lexemes etc as this would enable you to classify at word level and possibly making it easier further down the lane?
Something that some AI translation agencies do. "
yep there would have to be general obsevations mabe by etymologists of the nature of sentence structure |
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By *phroditeWoman
over a year ago
(She/ her) in Sensualityland |
"
Wondering here whether there is any value in breaking words down into components such as morphemes and lexemes etc as this would enable you to classify at word level and possibly making it easier further down the lane?
Something that some AI translation agencies do.
yep there would have to be general obsevations mabe by etymologists of the nature of sentence structure"
I was thinking if you started from a lexicon of all basic units which cannot be subdivided any further... then the multitude of possible combinations is more calculable rather than when starting from word or sentence level. |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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I did my English Language O Level 4 times, and got a U, E, E and U.
Good job I managed to acquire sufficient qualifications in English via other means, such as gaining a B in A/O General Studies, in order to meet the minimum entry requirements for uni.
Officially, I am better at French than I am in English, as I have a D in A/S Level French!
 |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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"I did my English Language O Level 4 times, and got a U, E, E and U.
Good job I managed to acquire sufficient qualifications in English via other means, such as gaining a B in A/O General Studies, in order to meet the minimum entry requirements for uni.
Officially, I am better at French than I am in English, as I have a D in A/S Level French!
"
You're okay. You're in Wiltshire. They speak that well known dialect called 'Oooh Arrrh Moy Luvverrr', so excellence in English is hardly a prerequisite, is it....?
 |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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"I always played Left Back.....left back in the changing rooms.See? And for that you dont need to know about English Linguistics, AI or IT "
Oh I do love a cunning linguist.....
(well, someone had to go for that line, didn't they!!! )
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By *phroditeWoman
over a year ago
(She/ her) in Sensualityland |
"I did my English Language O Level 4 times, and got a U, E, E and U.
Good job I managed to acquire sufficient qualifications in English via other means, such as gaining a B in A/O General Studies, in order to meet the minimum entry requirements for uni.
Officially, I am better at French than I am in English, as I have a D in A/S Level French!
You're okay. You're in Wiltshire. They speak that well known dialect called 'Oooh Arrrh Moy Luvverrr', so excellence in English is hardly a prerequisite, is it....?
"
You are a dark horse...lol. See you do know big words... "prerequisite" - if you split that you end up with a prefix "pre" and the rest "requisite" which can be further split, wont go into details.. SO YOU ARE PART OF ALL THE EXPERTS xx |
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By *phroditeWoman
over a year ago
(She/ her) in Sensualityland |
"I always played Left Back.....left back in the changing rooms.See? And for that you dont need to know about English Linguistics, AI or IT
Oh I do love a cunning linguist.....
(well, someone had to go for that line, didn't they!!! )
"
At least you can spell it and clearly know its implications xx |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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"I did my English Language O Level 4 times, and got a U, E, E and U.
Good job I managed to acquire sufficient qualifications in English via other means, such as gaining a B in A/O General Studies, in order to meet the minimum entry requirements for uni.
Officially, I am better at French than I am in English, as I have a D in A/S Level French!
You're okay. You're in Wiltshire. They speak that well known dialect called 'Oooh Arrrh Moy Luvverrr', so excellence in English is hardly a prerequisite, is it....?
You are a dark horse...lol. See you do know big words... "prerequisite" - if you split that you end up with a prefix "pre" and the rest "requisite" which can be further split, wont go into details.. SO YOU ARE PART OF ALL THE EXPERTS xx"
Damn! My secrets out. Blast!!!! That's it Carruthers - it's the African interior for us from now on......
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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"I always played Left Back.....left back in the changing rooms.See? And for that you dont need to know about English Linguistics, AI or IT
Oh I do love a cunning linguist.....
(well, someone had to go for that line, didn't they!!! )
At least you can spell it and clearly know its implications xx"
Madam - I was implying nothing. Stating a fact, yes, but certainly not implying......
xx |
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By *phroditeWoman
over a year ago
(She/ her) in Sensualityland |
"I always played Left Back.....left back in the changing rooms.See? And for that you dont need to know about English Linguistics, AI or IT
Oh I do love a cunning linguist.....
(well, someone had to go for that line, didn't they!!! )
At least you can spell it and clearly know its implications xx
Madam - I was implying nothing. Stating a fact, yes, but certainly not implying......
xx"
As it is you - I ll settle for ramifications... |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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"I always played Left Back.....left back in the changing rooms.See? And for that you dont need to know about English Linguistics, AI or IT
Oh I do love a cunning linguist.....
(well, someone had to go for that line, didn't they!!! )
At least you can spell it and clearly know its implications xx
Madam - I was implying nothing. Stating a fact, yes, but certainly not implying......
xxAs it is you - I ll settle for ramifications... "
I do like a good ramification.....
xx |
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By *icketysplitsWoman
over a year ago
Way over Yonder, that's where I'm bound |
I read this thread earlier today. I could read all of the words but I had no idea what this was trying to achieve. Now all the answers appear to be in I am none the wiser.
Are you trying to programme something to translate posts to English? |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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"I did my English Language O Level 4 times, and got a U, E, E and U.
Good job I managed to acquire sufficient qualifications in English via other means, such as gaining a B in A/O General Studies, in order to meet the minimum entry requirements for uni.
Officially, I am better at French than I am in English, as I have a D in A/S Level French!
You're okay. You're in Wiltshire. They speak that well known dialect called 'Oooh Arrrh Moy Luvverrr', so excellence in English is hardly a prerequisite, is it....?
"
.
I have a get out clause, in that English is NOT my first language, as I am a first generation immigrant from one of the former colonies.
I sat an exam once where candidates whose first language is not English is entitled to extra time, so the cheekiness in me prompted me to try my luck, to be rebuffed by the tutor that if I had managed to go to uni and got to where I was in my career, then my English was good enough not to require extra time. |
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By (user no longer on site)
over a year ago
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"I did my English Language O Level 4 times, and got a U, E, E and U.
Good job I managed to acquire sufficient qualifications in English via other means, such as gaining a B in A/O General Studies, in order to meet the minimum entry requirements for uni.
Officially, I am better at French than I am in English, as I have a D in A/S Level French!
You're okay. You're in Wiltshire. They speak that well known dialect called 'Oooh Arrrh Moy Luvverrr', so excellence in English is hardly a prerequisite, is it....?
.
I have a get out clause, in that English is NOT my first language, as I am a first generation immigrant from one of the former colonies.
I sat an exam once where candidates whose first language is not English is entitled to extra time, so the cheekiness in me prompted me to try my luck, to be rebuffed by the tutor that if I had managed to go to uni and got to where I was in my career, then my English was good enough not to require extra time. "
Ooooooh, intriguing.....
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